Situated between two of the largest Asian countries, China and India, Bhutan is a landlocked country with an area of 38,394 sq.km. Due to its diverse terrains and landscapes, the country has been known by various names based on geography and religious beliefs. Some referred to it as Bhot-stan (the land of the Bhotias) or Bhotana (the end of Tibet); however, the people of Bhutan commonly call it Drukyul, meaning "Land of the Thunder Dragon."
Located in the eastern Himalayan region, Bhutan features a variety of landscapes, each with distinct atmospheric and climatic conditions. The country has an elevation range from 160m near the Indo-Bhutan border to 7,570m at Gangkhar Puensum, the highest unclimbed mountain in the world. Another notable peak, Mt. Jomolhari, remains covered in snow throughout the year.
With over 72% of its land covered in forests, Bhutan is home to a rich biodiversity, including numerous endangered species such as:
To preserve its unique wildlife, Bhutan has established protected areas, including national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
The northern region of Bhutan is home to snow and glaciers that serve as sources for the country’s major rivers. The largest river system, Manas (known locally as Drangme Chhu), flows into Assam and Arunachal Pradesh in India. Bhutan also receives a significant amount of rainfall, averaging 1,679.4–2,006.55 mm annually.